Selected Bibliography
for the Study
of the Environmental History of North America
Compiled by Jessica Teisch for the National Humanities Center
May 1996
Thanks to the National Humanities Center and the National
Endowment for the Humanities
for providing the funding to prepare this bibliography.
Contents
UNITED STATES: GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY
- What Is Environmental History?
- Indigenous Peoples
- Flora and Fauna
- Agriculture and Grasslands
- Industrialization
- Culture
- Environmental Movements and Ethics
- Landscape
- Bibliographies and Anthologies
AMERICAN WEST
- Indigenous Peoples and Exploration
- Flora and Fauna
- Water, Irrigation, and Reclamation
- Industrialization
- Culture
- Landscape
CALIFORNIA
- Indigenous Peoples
- Flora and Fauna
- Agriculture and Ranching
- Water, Irrigation, and Reclamation
- Industrialization
- Mining and the Gold Rush
- Culture
- Conservation and Environmental Movements
- Landscape and Land Use
PACIFIC NORTHWEST
- Indigenous Peoples
- Flora and Fauna
- Industrialization and Timber Economy
- Culture
- Landscape
ROCKIES AND GREAT BASIN
- Indigenous Peoples
- Exploration
- Flora and Fauna
- Agriculture
- Industrialization
- Culture
SOUTHWEST
- Indigenous Peoples
- Flora and Fauna
- Agriculture
- Industrialization
- Culture
GREAT PLAINS
- Indigenous Peoples
- Flora and Fauna
- Agriculture
- Dust Bowl
- Industrialization
- Culture
- Policy and Conservation
MIDWEST
- Indigenous Peoples
- Flora and Fauna
- Agriculture
- Industrialization
- Culture
- Landscape and Land Use
- Policy and Conservation
SOUTH
- Indigenous Peoples
- Flora and Fauna
- Agriculture and Slavery's Impact on the Land
- Industrialization
- Culture
NORTHEAST
- Indigenous Peoples
- Flora and Fauna
- Northeast Forests
- Agriculture
- Industrialization
- Culture
- Landscape and Land Use
- Conservation and Policy
ALASKA
- Indigenous Peoples
- Exploration
- Flora and Fauna
- Industrialization
- Culture
HAWAII
- Indigenous Peoples
- Exploration
- Flora and Fauna
- Agriculture and Industrialization
- Culture
UNITED STATES: GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY
What Is Environmental History?
"Theories of Environmental History." Environmental Review
11 (special issue, Winter 1987): 251-305.
Cronon, William. "A Place for Stories: Nature, History, and Narrative."
Journal of American History 78 (March 1992): 1347-1376.
Cronon, William. "The Uses of Environmental History." Environmental
History Review 17 (Fall 1993): 1-22.
Crosby, Alfred W. "The Past and Present of Environmental History."
American Historical Review 100, no. 4 (October 1995): 1177-1190.
Hughes, J. Donald. "Ecology and Development as Narrative Themes of
World History." Environmental History Review 19 (Spring 1995):
1-16.
Jamieson, Duncan R. "American Environmental History." CHOICE
32, no. 1 (September 1994): 49-60.
Leibhardt, Barbara. "Interpretation and Causal Analysis: Theories in
Environmental History." Environmental Review 12 no. 1 (1988):
23-36.
Lewis, Chris H. "Telling Stories About the Future: Environmental History
and Apocalyptic Science." Environmental History Review 17 (Fall
1993): 43-60.
Worster, Donald, et al. "A Roundtable: Environmental History."
Journal of American History 74, no. 4 (March 1990): 1087-1147.
Worster, Donald. "Nature and the Disorder of History." Environmental
History Review 18 (Summer 1994): 1-15.
Worster, Donald, ed. The Ends of the Earth: Perspectives on Modern Environmental
History . Cambridge; New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988.
Indigenous Peoples
Berkhofer, Robert F. The American Indian: Essays from the Pacific Historical
Review . Santa Barbara, CA: Clio Books, 1974.
Booth, A., and H. Jacobs. "Ties that Bind: Native American Beliefs
as a Foundation for Environmental Consciousness." Environmental
Ethics 12 (1990): 27-43.
Brandenburg, Jim, et al. "The Land They Knew: A Portfolio" (1491:
America Before Columbus). National Geographic 180, no. 4 (October
1991): 14-100.
Burton, Lloyd. American Indian Water Rights and the Limits of the Law
, 1991.
Chief Standing Bear. Land of the Spotted Eagle . Boston: Houghton
Mifflin, 1933.
Clifton, James A., ed. The Invented Indian: Cultural Fictions and Government
Policies : Transaction Publishers, 1994.
Eastman, Charles Alexander. The Soul of the Indian; An Interpretation
by Charles Alexander Eastman (Ohiyesa). Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1911.
Gates, Paul Wallace. The Rape of Indian Lands . New York: Arno Press,
1979.
Hughes, J. Donald. American Indian Ecology . El Paso, TX: Texas Western
University Press, 1983.
Hurt, R. Douglas. Indian Agriculture in America: Prehistory to the Present
. Lawrence, KS: University Press of Kansas, 1987.
Jennings, Francis. The Founders of America: How Indians Discovered the
Land, Pioneered in It, and Created Great Classical Civilizations; How They
Were Plunged into a Dark Age by Invasion and Conquest, and How They are
Reviving. New York: Norton, 1993.
Josephy Jr., Alvin M., ed. America in 1492: The World of the Indian Peoples
Before the Arrival of Columbus. New York: Knopf: Distributed by Random
House, 1992.
Krech III, Shepard, ed. Indians, Animals, and the Fur Trade: A Critique
of Keepers of the Game . Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1981.
Krech III, Shepard, ed. The Subarctic Fur Trade: Native Social and Economic
Adaptations . Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press, 1984.
Lopez, Barry. The Rediscovery of North America . Lexington: University
Press of Kentucky, 1990.
MacLeish, William H. The Day Before America: Changing the Nature of a
Continent . Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, 1994.
Martin, Keepers of the Game: Indian-Animal Relationships and the Fur
Trade , 1978.
Matthiessen, Peter, ed. North American Indians . New York: Viking,
1989 [1844].
Merrell, James H. The Indians' New World: Catawbas and Their Neighbors
From European Contact Through the Era of Removal. New York: W.W. Norton
& Company, 1989.
Momaday, N. Scott. The Way to Rainy Mountain . Albuquerque: University
of New Mexico Press, 1969.
Reno, Philip. Mother Earth, Father Sky, and Economic Development: Navajo
Resources and Their Use. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press,
1981.
Silko, Leslie Marmon. Ceremony. New York: Penguin Books, 1977.
Silver, Timothy. A New Face on the Countryside: Indians, Colonists, and
Slaves in the South Atlantic Forests, 1500-1800. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press, 1990.
Vecsey, Christopher, and William A. Starna, eds. Iroquois Land Claims.
Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1988.
Ward, R.C. "The Spirits Will Leave: Preventing the Desecration and
Destruction of Native American Sacred Sites on Federal Land." Ecology
Law Quarterly 19, no. 4 (1992): 795- 846.
White, Richard. "Native Americans and the Environment." In Scholars
and the Indian Experience, edited by W.R. Swagerty, 179-204. Bloomington,
IN: Indiana University Press, 1984.
White, Richard. The Middle Ground: Indians, Empires, and Republics in
the Great Lakes Region, 1650-1815. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge
University Press, 1991.
White, Richard. The Roots of Dependency: Subsistence, Environment, and
Social Change among the Choctaws, Pawnees, and Navajos. Lincoln: University
of Nebraska Press, 1983.
Flora and Fauna
Bramwell, Anna. Ecology in the Twentieth Century: A History . New
Haven: Yale University Press, 1989.
Campbell, Faith Thompson, and Scott E. Schlarbaum. Fading Forests: North
American Trees and the Threat of Exotic Pests . New York: Natural Resources
Defense Council, 1994.
Coleman, William. Biology in the Nineteenth Century , 1977.
Cox, Thomas R., Robert S. Maxwell, Philip Drennon Thomas, and Joseph J.
Malone. This Well- Wooded Land: Americans and Their Forests from Colonial
Times to the Present . Lincoln and London:
University of Nebraska Press, 1985.
Crosby, Alfred W. The Columbian Exchange: Biological and Cultural Consequences
of 1492 . Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1972.
Crosby, Alfred W. Ecological Imperialism: The Biological Expansion of
Europe . New York: Cambridge University Press, 1986.
Crosby, Alfred W. Germs, Seeds, and Animals: Studies in Ecological History
. New York: M.E. Sharpe, 1994.
Egerton, Frank. "Ecological Studies and Observations Before 1900."
In Issues and Ideas in America, edited by Benjamin Taylor and Thurman
White, 311-51. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1976.
Evans, Howard Ensign. Pioneer Naturalists: The Discovery and Naming of
North American Plants and Animals. New York: Henry Holt and Company,
Inc., 1993.
Evenden, Matthew D. "The Laborers of Nature: Economic Ornithology and
the Role of Birds as Agents of Biological Pest Control in North American
Agriculture, ca. 1880-1930." Forest & Conservation History
39 (October 1995): 172-183.
Flores, Dan. "Place: An Argument for Bioregional History." Environmental
History Review 18 (Winter 1994): 1-18.
Hirt, Paul W. A Conspiracy of Optimism: Management of the National Forests
since World War Two . Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1994.
Hornocker, Maurice G., and George F. Mobley. "Learning to Live with
Mountain Lions." National Geographic 182, no. 1 (July 1992):
52-66.
Jacobson, George L., Jr., and Ann Dieffenbacher-Krall. "White Pine
and Climate Change: Insights from the Past." Journal of Forestry
93 (July 1995): 39-42.
Jonas, Gerald. The Living Earth Book of North American Trees . Pleasantville,
New York: Reader's Digest Association, 1993.
Klinkenborg, Verlyn. "The Mustang Myth." Audubon 96 (January/February
1994): 34-43.
Kloppenburg Jr., Jack Ralph. First the Seed: The Political Economy of
Plant Biotechnology, 1492-2000. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press,
1988.
Little, Charles E. The Dying of the Trees: The Pandemic in America's
Forests . New York: Viking, 1995.
McIntyre, Rick. A Society of Wolves: National Parks and the Battle over
the Wolf . Stillwater, MN: Voyageur Press, Inc., 1993.
Mighetto, Lisa, ed. Muir Among the Animals: The Wildlife Writings of
John Muir . San Francisco: Sierra Club Books, 1986.
Mitchell, John G. "Our Disappearing Wetlands." National Geographic
182, no. 4 (October 1992): 2-46.
Muir, John. "The American Forests." Atlantic Monthly 80
(August 1897): 145-157.
Muir, John. Our National Parks. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1901.
Nowak, David J. "Historical Vegetation Change in Oakland and Its Implications
for Urban Forest Management." Journal of Arboriculture 19 (September
1993): 313-319.
Pyne, Stephen J. Fire in America: A Cultural History of Wildland and
Rural Fire . Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1982.
Pyne, Stephen J. "Keeper of the Flame: A Survey of Anthropogenic Fire."
In Fire in the Environment: The Ecological, Atmospheric, and Climatic
Importance of Vegetation Fires , edited by P.J. Crutzen and J. G. Goldammer,
245-66. New York: John Wiley & Sons Ltd., 1993.
Real, Leslie A., and James H. Brown. Foundations of Ecology: Classic
Papers with Commentaries. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991.
Seton, Ernest Thompson. Animals Worth Knowing: Selected from "Life
Histories of Northern Animals". Garden City, NY: Doubleday, Page
& Co., 1925.
Seton, Ernest Thompson. The Biography of a Grizzly . New York: Grosset
& Dunlap, 1900.
Seton, Ernest Thompson. Ernest Thompson Seton's America: Selections from
the Writings of the Artist-Naturalist. Edited by Farida A. Wiley. New
York: Devin-Adair, 1954.
Spurr, Stephen H., and Burton V. Barnes. "The American Forest Since
1600." In Forest Ecology, 557-571. New York: Ronald Press, 1964.
Thoreau, Henry David. Walden. Boston: Ticknor and Fields, 1854.
Thoreau, Henry D., John Burroughs, John Muir, Bradford Torrey, Dallas Lore
Sharp, and Olive Thorne Miller. In American Fields and Forests .
New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1909.
Whitney, Gordon G. From Coastal Wilderness to Fruited Plain: A History
of Environmental Change in Temperate North America from 1500 to the Present
. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1994.
Agriculture and Grasslands
Albrecht, D.E. "The Correlates of Farm Concentration in American Agriculture."
Rural Sociology 57, no. 4 (Winter 1992): 512-520.
Duram, Leslie Aileen. "The National Grasslands: Past, Present and Future."
Rangelands 17 (April 1995): 36-42.
Fairfax, Sally and Samuel Dana. Forest and Range Policy: Its Development
in the U.S. , 1980.
Gates, Paul W. Agriculture and the Civil War . New York: Knopf, 1965.
Gates, Paul W. History of Public Land Law Development . Washington,
D.C.: U.S. Govt. Printing Office, 1968.
Gates, Paul W. The Farmer's Age: Agriculture, 1815-1860 . New York:
Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1960.
Hurt, Douglas R. American Agriculture: A Brief History . Ames: Iowa
State University Press, 1994.
Hurt, R. Douglas. Agricultural Technology in the Twentieth Century
. Manhattan, KS: Sunflower University Press, 1991.
Hurt, R. Douglas. American Farm Tools: From Hand-Power to Steam-Power
. Manhattan, KS: Sunflower University Press, 1982.
Lear, Linda J. "Bombshell in Beltsville: The USDA and the Challenge
of "Silent Spring"." Agricultural History 66, no.
2 (Spring 1992): 151-171.
Lehman, Tim. Public Values, Private Lands: Farmland Preservation Policy,
1933-1985 . Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1995.
Levy, S., and S. Vanwijnbergen. "Transition Problems in Economic Reform:
Agriculture in the North American Free Trade Agreement." American
Economic Review 85, no. 4 (September 1995): 738-754.
Malin, James. History and Ecology: Studies of the Grassland . Edited
by Robert P. Swierenga. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1984
McCool, Daniel. Command of the Waters: Iron Triangles, Federal Water
Development, and Indian Water. Berkeley: University of California Press,
1987.
Nabhan, Gary Paul. Enduring Seeds: Native American Agriculture and Wild
Plant Conservation . San Francisco: North Point Press, 1989.
Opie, John. The Law of the Land: Two Hundred Years of American Farm Land
Policy . Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska Press, 1987.
Thomas, Heather Smith. "History of Public Land Grazing." Rangelands
16 (December 1994): 50-55.
Industrialization
Bolles, Albert S. Industrial History of the United States: From the Earliest
Settlements to the Present Times: Being a Complete Survey of American Industries...
Norwich, CT: The Henry Bill Publishing Company, 1878.
Brown, Michael H. Laying Waste: The Poisoning of America by Toxic Chemicals
. New York: Pantheon Book, 1980.
Clark, John G. Energy and the Federal Government: Fossil Fuel Policies,
1900-1946 . Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 1987.
Flink, James J. The Car Culture. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1975.
Greer, Edward. "Air Pollution and Corporate Power: Municipal Reform
Limits in a Black City." Politics and Society 4 (1974): 483-510.
Hahn, Steven, and Jonathan Prude, eds. The Countryside in the Age of
Capitalist Transformation . Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina
Press, 1985.
Havlick, Spenser W. The Urban Organism: The City's Natural Resources
from an Environmental Perspective. New York: Macmillan, 1974.
Klein, Maury. Unfinished Business: The Railroad in American Life
. Hanover: University of Rhode Island, 1994.
Kulikoff, Alan. "The Transition to Capitalism in Rural America."
William and Mary Quarterly 46, no. 1 (1989): 120-144.
Lyons, Norbert. The McCormick Reaper Legend . New York: Exposition
Press, 1955.
Melosi, Martin V. Coping with Abundance: Energy and Environment in Industrial
America . New York: Knopf, 1985.
Melosi, Martin V. Garbage in the Cities: Refuse, Reform, and the Environment,
1880-1980 . College Station: Texas A&M University Press, 1981.
Miller, Char. "Sawdust Memories: Pinchot and the Making of Forest History."
Journal of Forestry 92 (February 1994): 8-12.
Nash, Gerald D. United States Oil Policy, 1890-1964: Business and Government
in Twentieth Century America. Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh
Press, 1968.
Richards, Ellen Swallow. Sanitation in Daily Life . Boston: Whitcomb
& Barrows, 1910 [1907].
Riis, Jacob. How the Other Half Lives. New York: C. Scribner's Sons,
1890.
Robbins, William G. American Forestry: A History of National, State,
and Private Cooperation . Lincoln and London: University of Nebraska
Press, 1985.
Russell, Dick. "Environmental Racism: Minority Communities and Their
Battle Against Toxics." The Amicus Journal 11 (Spring 1989):
22-32.
Schuessler, Raymond. "A Brief History of the Mighty Railroad Tie."
Northern Logger & Timber Processor 43 (April 1995): 34-37, 64.
Still, Bayrd. Urban America: A History with Documents . Boston: Little,
Brown, 1974.
Szasz, Andrew. EcoPopulism: Toxic Waste and the Movement for Environmental
Justice , Social Movements, Protest, and Contention . Vol. I.
Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1994.
Tarr, Joel A. "Historical Turning Points in Municipal Water Supply
and Wastewater Disposal, 1850-1932." Civil Engineering 47 (1977):
82-91.
Tarr, Joel A. "Out of Sight, Out of Mind: A Brief History of Sewage
Disposal in the United States." American History Illustrated
10 (1976): 40-47.
Tarr, Joel A. The Search for the Ultimate Sink: Urban Pollution in Historical
Perspective . Akron, OH: The University of Akron press, 1996.
Whorton, James. Before Silent Spring: Pesticides and Public Health in
Pre-DDT America .
Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1974.
Culture
Albanese, Catherine. Nature Religion in America: From the Algonkian Indians
to the New Age . Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1990.
Bonta, Marcia Myers, ed. American Women Afield: Writings by Pioneering
Women Naturalists . College Station: Texas A&M University Press,
1995.
Bonyhady, Tim. "Artists with Axes." Environment and History
1 (June 1995): 221-239.
Bookchin, Murray. The Ecology of Freedom. Palo Alto, CA: Cheshire
Books, 1982.
Bramwell, Anna. The Fading of the Greens: The Decline of Environmental
Politics in the West . New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press,
1994.
Buell, Lawrence. The Environmental Imagination: Thoreau, Nature Writing,
and the Formation of American Culture. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The
Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1995.
Cronon, William. Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists, and the Ecology
of New England . New York: Hill and Wang, 1983.
Danbom, David B. Born in the Country: A History of Rural America
. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995.
de Crèvecoeur, J. Hector St. John. Letters From an American Farmer
. New York: E.P. Dutton, 1957 [1782].
Faragher, John Mack. Women and Men on the Overland Trail . New Haven:
Yale University Press, 1979.
Flippen, John Brooks. "The Nixon Administration, Timber, and the Call
of the Wild." Environmental History Review 19 (Summer 1995):
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Glacken, Clarence J. Traces on the Rhodian Shore . Berkeley: University
of California Press, 1967.
Haraway, Donna. Primate Visions. New York: Routledge, 1989.
Haraway, Donna. Reinventing Nature: Simians, Cyborgs and Women .
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Harrison, Robert Pogue. Forests: The Shadow of Civilization . Chicago:
The University of Chicago Press, 1992.
Hummel, Richard. Hunting and Fishing for Sport: Commerce, Controversy,
Popular Culture . Bowling Green, Ohio: Bowling Green University Popular
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Kolodny, Annette. The Land Before Her: Fantasy and Experience of the
American Frontiers, 1630 -1869. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina
Press, 1984.
Kolodny, Annette. The Lay of the Land: Metaphor and Experience in American
Life and Letters . Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press,
1975.
Marx, Leo. The Machine in the Garden: Technology and the Pastoral ideal
in America . New York: Oxford University Press, 1964.
McKibben, Bill. The End of Nature. New York: Random House, 1989.
McPhee, John. The Control of Nature. New York: Farrar, Strauss, Giroux,
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Merchant, Carolyn. The Death of Nature: Women, Ecology, and the Scientific
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Merchant, Carolyn. Ecological Revolutions: Nature, Gender, and Science
in New England . Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1989.
Mitman, Gregg. The State of Nature: Ecology, Community, and American
Social Thought, 1900- 1950. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press,
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Nash, Roderick. Wilderness and the American Mind . Revised edition,
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Novak, Barbara. Nature and Culture: American Landscape Painting, 1825-1875
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Parkman, Francis. The Oregon Trail, Illustrated by Frederic Remington
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Schmitt, Peter J. Back to Nature: The Arcadian Myth in Urban America
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Environmental Movements and Ethics
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Epstein, Barbara. Political Protest and Cultural Revolution: Nonviolent
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Flader, Susan. Thinking like a Mountain: Aldo Leopold and the Evolution
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Fox, Steven. John Muir and His Legacy: The American Conservation Movement
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Gibbs, Lois M. Love Canal: My Story. Albany: State University of
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Gottlieb, Robert. Forcing the Spring: The Transformation of the American
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Gottlieb, Robert. "Reconstructing Environmentalism: Complex Movements,
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Hays, Samuel P. Beauty, Health, and Permanence: Environmental Politics
in the United States, 1955-1985. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University
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Hays, Samuel P. Conservation and the Gospel of Efficiency: The Progressive
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Helms, Douglas, and Susan L. Flader, eds. The History of Soil and Water
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Helvarg, David. The War Against the Greens: The "Wise-Use"
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Sierra Club Books, 1994.
Leopold, Aldo. Round River, from the Journal of Aldo Leopold . Edited
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Leopold, Aldo. Sand County Almanac. New York: Oxford University Press,
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Leopold, Luna B. A View of the River. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University,
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Little, Charles E. Challenge of the Land. New York: Open Space Action
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Little, Charles E. Green Fields Forever: The Conservation Tillage Revolution
in America . Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 1987.
Manes, Christopher. Green Rage. Boston: Little, Brown, 1990.
Marsh, George Perkins. Man and Nature. Edited by David Lowenthal.
Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1965.
Marshall, Robert. The People's Forests. New York: H. Smith and R.
Haas, 1933.
Mighetto, Lisa. Wild Animals and American Environmental Ethics .
Tucson: The University of Arizona Press, 1991.
Mowrey, Marc, and Tim Redmond. Not in Our Backyard: The People and Events
that Shaped America's Modern Environmental Movement. New York: W. Morrow,
1993.
Nash, Roderick, ed. The American Environment: Readings in the History
of Conservation . Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1968.
Nash, Roderick. The Rights of Nature: A History of Environmental Ethics
. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1989.
Oelschlaeger, Max. Caring for Creation: An Ecumenical Approach to the
Environmental Crisis. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press,
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Pinchot, Gifford. The Fight for Conservation . New York: Doubleday,
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Pinchot, Gifford. "How Conservation Began in the United States."
Agricultural History 11 (October 1937): 255-265.
Sale, Kirkpatrick. The Green Revolution: The American Environmental Movement,
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Scarce, Rik. Eco-Warriors: Understanding the Radical Environmental Movement
. Chicago: Noble Press, 1990.
Shabecoff, Philip. A Fierce Green Fire: The American Environmental Movement
. New York: Hill and Wang, 1993.
Short, C. Brandt. Ronald Reagan and the Public Lands: America's Conservation
Debate, 1979- 1984. College Station: Texas A&M University Press,
1989.
Smith, Thomas G. "John Kennedy, Steward Udall, and New Frontier Conservation."
Pacific Northwest Quarterly 64 (August 1995): 329-352.
Stroud, Patricia Tyson. "Forerunner of American Conservation: Naturalist
Thomas Say." Forest & Conservation History 39 (October 1995):
184-190.
Worster, Donald, ed. American Environmentalism: The Formative Period,
1860-1915 . New York: Wiley, 1973.
Landscape
Audubon, John James. Delineations of American Scenery and Character
. New York: G.A. Baker & Company, 1926.
Bormann, F. Herbert, Diana Balmori, and Gordon T. Geballe. Redesigning
the American Lawn: A Search for Environmental Harmony . Edited by Lisa
Vernegaard. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press, 1993.
Botkin, Daniel B. Our Natural History: The Lessons of Lewis and Clark
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MIDWEST
Indigenous Peoples
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SOUTH
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Agriculture and Slavery's Impact on the Land
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ALASKA
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Culture
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HAWAII
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Agriculture and Industrialization
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Culture
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